If a child is diagnosed as having ADD or ADHD it means they have Attention Deficit Disorder or Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder. These disorders are relatively common and affect more boy than girls. Diagnosis occurs when the child displays acute behavioural problems that make them difficult to manage.
The symptoms of ADD/ADHD are predominantly behavioural. Children are usually described as extremely naughty. They are hyperactive and often act without thinking. They are very often fearless. This is difficult because the child is often at risk of danger. Constantly telling the child off, seems to have little effect. Such children rarely learn from simple scolding. They will quickly revert back to acting up again and will have forgotten about previous reprimands. Children who are mainly hyperactive in this way are referred to as ADHD.
Some children are not necessarily hyper and can exhibit symptoms seem rather lethargic. They may seem somewhat dreamy and unresponsive. Children may have a short attention span and will not sit for long doing one thing. Rather than jump about however, they may just slip into a world of their own or appear aimless in their movements. Children who behave like this may be ADD but it is quite common for ADD/ADHD children to display a combination of both kinds of behaviour.
ADD/ADHD children very regularly have related difficulties with social skills. It is often a problem for them to form normal relationships. Other children are often intimidated by them if their behaviour is excessively loud or overly aggressive. This is exacerbated if the child is unable to recognise ownership of toys or breaks things without compunction. ADD/ADHD children may find that other children grow bored with them easily if they are too withdrawn or unable to interact for any period of time. Parents can help the ADD/ADHD child form proper peer group relationships by intervening and assisting as much as possible with interaction.
ADD/ADHD children can miss out on valuable training in social skills in the home environment if they are constantly being reminded of how naughty they are. Parents should avoid getting into negative cycles with the children even though their behaviour is nearly always difficult. ADD/ADHD children can learn that they are capable of good behaviour too. It is important that the parent sets clear boundaries and deals with the child’s behaviour in a structured way.
There is no established scientific cause for ADD/ADHD in children. There is a selection of plausible possibilities that could be at the root of the problem. For example, origins could be during the child’s gestational development. If mothers smoked or were taking street drugs during their pregnancies, they tend to give birth to more children with the condition. The problem could also be hereditary since it has been noted that children with the condition tend to have relatives with it also. There could also be problems in the brain that affect the child’s ability to concentrate or take control of their actions.
It is not always easy to distinguish between ADD/ADHD and normal naughtiness in children. Every child will exhibit behaviour that is associated with the condition during the course of their growing up. It is part of their learning process. A parent need only be concerned if their child’s behaviour is excessive and relentless.
It is perfectly possible for the ADD/ADHD child to lead a relatively normal life and progress at school satisfactorily. The earlier the diagnosis, the better it is for the child. The condition is exacerbated the longer it is left untreated. Once parents have consulted a health professional, the child may be put on a course of medication. The most common way of treating ADD/ADHD is through behavioural modification therapy.
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